Friday, July 31, 2015

Marshall McLuhan explains the Digital Age (1966)

McLuhan and Talk to Publishers

Marshall McLuhan’s 36 minute lecture, “Address to Author’s Luncheon,” a talk delivered to members of the book publishing industry on Dec. 7, 1966 at the Shoreham Hotel in New York City, provides a window to understanding his principles or probes, as he preferred to call his mental explorations, and the discontinuous speaking style he employed as a reflection of the nature of electronic media itself. The program’s host assures the audience, though some might have expected a “whiff of brimstone” around McLuhan, the media theorist is a most “relaxed controversial figure.” McLuhan opens his remarks in a hick-sounding Canadian accent. He hails from the DEW (Distant Early Warning) line and invites the audience to visit: “the whole bunch is welcome.” McLuhan switches to his natural speaking voice and pokes fun at academia including the man who signed a legal document with two X’s and later explained one was for his name and the other for his PhD. McLuhan’s biggest laugh from the writers, including cookbook authors, comes from his double entendre joke about the Virginia gourmet who visited Boston and asked his cabdriver to “Take me where I can get scrod.” The cabdriver misunderstood the request saying “I haven’t heard the pluperfect subjunctive in many years.”

McLuhan continues in the joke-telling vein for at least ten minutes. He describes a mishap at airport security with custom agents confusing his possession of honorary LLD with an illegal stash of LSD. The humor emphasizes pun and miscommunication:
·      LSD? Greatest president we ever had…
·      Marijuana? Spent a week there and it’s terrific…
·      Vietnam Position? Okay by me, but it gives my wife the hiccups….

In the following paragraphs, I number each McLuhan point verging on the remarkable, revolutionary or earth-shaking. McLuhan’s use of language, his discontinuous language mixing jokes and anecdotes with argument and insight, his word choice for maximum impact rival the content of his speech—another case of medium and message working together.

1) McLuhan makes his first serious point, an observation on the nature of comedy: “Humor is grievance.”

Jokes in Canada revolve around bilingualism and the problems of French Canada but a new round of jokes resulted from “a new interface, a new irritation area” and led to “great floods of Newfie jokes.” Throughout his career, McLuhan credited Steve Allen and his book Funny Men (1956) with correctly charectirizing the comedian as “a man with a grievance.” McLuhan expanded the concept to jokes of all kinds, saying every joke is an expression of grievance. Humor, he explains, is society’s means for dealing with irritation and sore points. Much as the court jester brought bad news to the king by serving his insights with a large dollop of wit, the comedian nudges society to an examination of its discomfort and sore points to the present day.

2) McLuhan’s talk swings quickly to TV viewing and its relevance to an audience of publishers: “ the near point resulting from television, the average reading distance for a grade two child is 4.6” from the printed page.”

He continues “the printed page you provide is useless for TV child, the TV child is a Cyclops, only uses one eye, he’s a hunter, he’s not a reader.” McLuhan has ventured to a favorite line of reasoning—technology’s ability to transform the use of the human senses. Print media heightened the visual sense and resulted in an emphasis on individuality and an isolated viewpoint. Electronic media engages multiple senses and causes the television viewer to a combined use of eye and ear. The sensing working together results, McLuhan states, in a tactile experience. The tactile experience of watching television is characterized by involvement. Television viewers want to be engaged. The electronic media distinguish themselves by high levels of participation. Participation and deep engagement explain television’s hypnotic hold over the audience.

McLuhan related his time as a resident of New York City and his connection to a former Tonight Show host, “I was the neighbor last year of Jack Paar in Bronxville.” He commented on the difficulty in getting Paar to laugh and their shared observation on the rarity of getting a comedian to respond with laughter. McLuhan unfortunately does not venture further into the talk show genre. He reveals his conservative brand of Catholicism with a quick jab at Vatican Two, comparing church’s attempt at modernization unfavorably to a popular scotch whiskey:  “Vatican Two I think is inferior to Vat 69 myself.”

McLuhan uses lightheartedness as a method for preparing the audience for heavier material and drops famous names possibly for a similar effect. He mentioned Timothy Leary and Jack Paar and then describes Ann Landers racing up to him at an airport. She called,  “Marshall McLuhan, I am your fan.”

3) He switched directions quickly to make, connecting point #1 to point #2, and makes the publishers aware of their own medium: “You have a big grievance; you don’t know how to get off the hardware hook into software. Xerox is software, and you’re still in the hardware business.”

McLuhan’s choice of language, his confident tone in pinpointing the future of the publishing industry as the battle between hardware vs. software goes beyond mere prescience to the oracular. McLuhan emphasizes electronic software decades before Amazon arrived on the scene and the computer screen to obsolesce the bricks and mortar bookstore.  A tech savvy publisher at the Shoreham Hotel might have pushed his company ahead by grasping the significance of McLuhan’s insights, though the 1966 audience, still creating on IBM typewriters, can be excused by history; Jeff Bezos, only two years old at the time of McLuhan’s talk, founded Amazon.com in 1994.

4) McLuhan steps further out into the ether by anticipating the electronic revolution in its full force: “Put a satellite around the planet. All arrangements around the planet disintegrate. Planet becomes garbage.”  His colorful language depicts a future as imposing but somehow elegant. For McLuhan this vortex of electrons circling the globe was already the present:

Let me tell you… when a fast one goes around a slow form and the slow one collapses. Any speed up in a part of your enterprise and it will destroy the…Put a satellite around the planet. All arrangements around the planet disintegrate. Planet becomes garbage. Garbage is clothing.

Any speeding up of any part of your enterprise will destroy the slower part. Moving info at speeds. Global theater now, not global village.

Satellites surround around the planet, are moving information around the planet the planet cannot contend with, jobs are over, roles have taken over.

Doing his thing—means involvement. Having a job means moving to your level of incompetence and settling in.

6) All funny books are about past-times. You can be sure it is nostalgic. Quaint law of the 19th century.

7) Peculiarity of print… I am a professor of literature, I defend at all times, the only origin and cause of civilization… results from one alphabetic—the phonetic alphabet. Hebrew does not do this, Arabic does not do this. Literacy consists in separating the eye from the other senses, creating Euclidean space, creating illusions of rationality. Nourished by Greek or Roman world letter. Anything that undermines the phonetic alphabet and releasing the dominance of the eye… ends civilization. Dominance of the eye over the other senses. We live in an electronic age.

8) Interval, resonance, the bond of being, the thing that holds the world together is sound. Resonance. There are no connections in matter, only resonance. Quantum mechanics people do not know that resonance is a peculiar kind of space.

9) NASA is a very old-fashioned bunch, semi-literate. Stuff they put out is cheap science fiction; it’s hardware. Thanks to their ignorance of literacy, in its full sense, and auditory space. Auditory space is a very peculiar thing. And We live in Echoland now. In a simultaneous, instantaneous all-at-once world, that is echoland. Auditory space whose center is everywhere and margin is nowhere. Totally non-visual and non-visualizable.

Try to visualize space. Never make value judgments. My own values are entirely with civilization.

Probe the world I live in, an auditory Echoland.

Beatles echo a Kafkaland. Man who woke up and discovered he was a cockroach. Our TV generation are Beatles, crawled out from under the rug.

Our TV generation are Beatles, no means of communicating with their parents.


Yellow Submarine and longhairs. accepting the movie as the real world.

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